COVID- 19 Infections with and without Co-morbidities and Clinical Outcome

Aim: To evaluate the clinical outcomes and severity of disease in COVID-19 patients presenting with and without comorbidities.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study.

Place and Duration: ICUs, wards of Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center Karachi from March, to June 2021.

Methodology: The enrolled patients diagnosed with COVID-19 ie according to the provisional directions given by WHO, were assessed for clinical outcomes. Comorbidities were determined based on patients self-report on admission.

Results: Total 200 COVID patients were enrolled in the study, out of them 179 were with comorbidities like type 2 Diabetes mellitus, hypertension, cardiac disorders and asthma, while 21 COVID patients were with no co morbidity. In present study (n=200), 55.5% were belonging to the age group more than fifty five years old, there were 50.5% males and 29.5% patients came in the month of June 2021. There were 84% hypertensive, 54% were diabetic, 10% were Ischemic Heart Disease and 5% were Asthmatic patients. Clinical outcomes, i.e., pneumothorax, pulmonary embolism, Myocardial Infarction, septic shock, heart failure, Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation was compared regarding associated co-morbidities at the time of admission, p-value was <0.01 and x2=20.15 .

Conclusion: COVID patients with comorbidities are more at risk of developing worst clinical outcomes.